Digital Artists

Thirty Years In, Jan Robert Leegte Still Treats the Internet as Raw Material

From scrollbar sculptures to NFT projects built on custom smart contracts, the Dutch artist's practice treats net art, post-internet work, and NFTs as one continuous investigation into what the internet is actually made of.

Most artists who lived through net art’s early days, its post-internet institutional embrace, and the NFT boom treat those as three different chapters. Dutch artist Jan Robert Leegte treats them as one continuous line of inquiry — different expressions, in his words, of a single technological transformation.

Materials, not narratives

Leegte’s work isn’t interested in what images depict so much as what digital systems are structurally made of — closer in spirit to Minimal Art and 1960s-70s formalism, or to a fellow traveler like JODI, than to conventional web-based storytelling. Compressed Landscapes (2016) is five websites continuously fetching and heavily compressing nature imagery in real time, shown at the Van Gogh Museum alongside actual Van Gogh paintings — a direct confrontation between painterly texture and lossy-compression texture. JPEG (2022) pushes that further, generating color-field explosions purely out of compression artifacts, deliberately staged as a rebuttal to critics who dismiss NFT-era work as visually thin — the piece was shown again at Art Basel this June. Elsewhere, Ornament (2021) uses custom smart contracts to treat thousands of individual NFT instances as a single installation, and Buttons (2023) is a set of 256 NFTs containing HTML buttons that physically rearrange themselves as a viewer resizes their browser window. Leegte describes computing itself as “a space we’re gradually discovering” — stable, like electricity, but with implications nobody’s finished working out.

Why it fits here

Net art and post-internet work don’t always get treated as a living, continuous practice rather than a historical phase — this site’s own coverage of artists like Rafael Rozendaal sits in the same lineage. Leegte’s through-line is the more useful lesson: the medium itself (HTML, compression, smart contracts) is the actual subject, regardless of which decade’s technology happens to be carrying it.